![Aerial image of Stevens campus with New York skyline in background.](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2F2eOZtqLVxZsGuO4Pr8wGvY%2F70a04fa47f3e10126df024ded81be94e%2F281_0006-Enhanced.jpg%3Fw%3D2400%26h%3D1350%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
LIINES
Application Areas - Research Themes
![Smart Power Grids](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2FvTjtYhM03leKJ5gOR1Yby%2Fea7107817db4c17abb1187f7a7119fde%2FSmart_Power-1236384700.jpg%3Fw%3D1050%26h%3D591%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
Smart Power Grids
Future electric power systems must integrate variable energy resources, accommodate electrified transportation and heating, and empower consumers with a digital and shared economy.
![Energy-Water Nexus](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2F3tdJsKv06YkEgS6CJXWZPq%2Ffb7ba0e70f46622e43be2dc7cd932018%2FEnergy_Water-1877932501.jpg%3Fw%3D1050%26h%3D591%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
Hydrogen-Energy-Water Nexus
Clean energy and water are two essential resources that any society must securely deliver. Their usage raises questions of nations’ sustainability and resilience the face of global mega trends such as population growth, urbanization, climate change and economic growth.
![Tesla Charging](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2F6GuhXQrsp4w0Z31ILT8yE8%2F8f2d0658c4f49b9c58cbc3e033860729%2FElectrified_Transportation-1959440548.jpg%3Fw%3D1050%26h%3D591%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
Electrified Transportation Systems
The electrification of transportation presents one of the most pressing challenges in the decarbonization to a net zero emissions economy. The successful adoption of multi-modal, connected, automated, shared and electrified transportation systems requires multi-infrastructure coordination.
![Industrial Energy Management](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2FQQFdphECJ19W1dk5REcM6%2F7bbeffd02bd5d2035e75cb31e03d05bd%2FIndustrial_Energy_-2201996681.jpg%3Fw%3D1050%26h%3D591%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
Industrial & Supply Chain Energy Management
Increasingly competitive marketplaces have necessitated mass-customized products of increasingly short product life cycle. Industrial operations must find resilient and sustainable solutions to shifting fluctuations among customers and suppliers while managing the quantity, timing and cost of their energy consumption.
![aerial view of city with interconnecting nodes](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2F4awf3xACgJJOZ7GK8YQyy7%2F2c5fa9f3f83f4e83f4766539d3dcd16c%2FSmart_Cities-447476002.jpg%3Fw%3D1050%26h%3D591%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
Smart Cities, Regions & Nations
Smart cities, regions and nations require convergence research that address the interdependent societal challenges of the Anthropocene era. This research theme represents a concerted effort to converge the knowledge, methods and results of the other research themes across spatial and temporal scales.
![Funding Acknowledgements LIINES](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.ctfassets.net%2Fmviowpldu823%2F43jlJ46JWWDXBhO7gMBQYj%2F921574cd4a917a57dfbb72c00bcd04b2%2Fstacks-image-9d42631-800x458_2x.jpeg%3Fw%3D1050%26h%3D591%26f%3Dcenter%26q%3D80%26fit%3Dfill&w=2400&q=80)
Funding Acknowledgements
The LIINES is grateful for the generous sponsorship of a government, industrial and non-for-profit funding entities.